ISO 22739:2020 pdf download Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document provides fundamental terminology for blockchain and distributed ledger technologies.2Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.3 Terms and definitions
Ils0 and IlEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:- ISo online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
-IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
asset
anything that has value to a stakeholder
[SOURCE:ISO/TS 19299:2015,3.3, modified —Note 1 to entry has been removed.J
3.2
block
structured data comprising block data ( 3.3) and a block header (3.4)3.3
block data
structured data comprising zero or more transaction records (3.79) or references to transactionrecords (3.79)
3.4
block header
structured data that includes a cryptographic link (3.16) to the previous block (3.2) unless there is noprevious block (3.2)
Note 1 to entry: A block header can also contain a timestamp (3.75), a nonce (3.51), and other DLT platform (3.29)specific data, including a hash value (3.39) of corresponding transaction records (3.79).
3.5
block reward
reward given to miners (3.48) or validators (3.83) after a block(3.2) is confirmed (3.8) in a blockchainsystem (3.7)
Note 1 to entry: A reward can be in the form of a token (3.76) or cryptocurrency (3.14).
3.6
blockchain
distributed ledger (3.22) with confirmed blocks(3.9) organized in an append-only,sequential chain usingcryptographic links ( 3.16)
Note 1 to entry: Blockchains are designed to be tamper resistant and to create final, definitive and immutable(3.40) ledger records (3.44).
3.7
blockchain system
system that implements a blockchain (3.6)
Note 1 to entry: A blockchain system is a type of DLT system (3.30).
3.8
confirmed
accepted by consensus (3.11) for inclusion in a distributed ledger (3.22)
3.9
confirmed block
block (3.2) that has been confirmed (3.8)
3.10
confirmed transaction
transaction (3.77] that has been confirmed (3.8)3.11
consensus
agreement among DLT nodes (3.27) that 1) a transaction (3.77) is validated(3.81) and 2) that thedistributed ledger (3.22) contains a consistent set and ordering of validated (3.81) transactions(3.77)Note 1 to entry: Consensus does not necessarily mean that all DLT nodes (3.27) agree.
Note 2 to entry: The details regarding consensus differ among DLT(3.23) designs and this is a distinguishingcharacteristic between one design and another.
3.12
consensus mechanism
rules and procedures by which consensus (3.11) is reached3.13
crypto-asset
digital asset (3.20) implemented using cryptographic techniques3.14
cryptocurrency
crypto-asset (3.13) designed to work as a medium of value exchange
Note 1 to entry: Cryptocurrency involves the use of decentralized control and cryptography (3.17) to securetransactions (3.77), control the creation of additional assets (3.1), and verify the transfer of assets (3.1).
3.15
cryptographic hash function
function mapping binary strings of arbitrary length to binary strings of fixed length, such that it iscomputationally costly to find for a given output an input that maps to the output, it is computationallyinfeasible to find for a given input a second input that maps to the same output, and it is computationallyinfeasible to find any two distinct inputs that map to the same output
Note 1 to entry: Computational feasibility depends on the specific security requirements and environment.
3.16
cryptographic link
reference, constructed using a cryptographic hash function (3.15) technique, that points to data
ISO 22739:2020 pdf download